Effects Of Adult Attachment Styles On American College...

Konrath, S.H., Chopik, W.J., Hsing, C.K., O’Brien, E. (2014). Changes in adult attachment styles in American college students over time: A meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 18(4), 326-348. doi: 10.1177/1088868314530516 In the world of psychology, we often associate the words â€Å"secure attachment† with early psychological studies examining children’s attachment to their caregivers. However, more recent research by Konrath, Chopik, Hsing, O’Brien (2014) focuses instead on the various types of attachments that adult individuals form with others and how these attachments may be changing across generations. In this study, Konrath et al. (2014) found an increase in the proportion of insecure attachment styles, particularly the dismissive attachment style. This study defined these attachment styles according to how a person views oneself and others. In secure attachment styles, people hold positive views both of themselves and others. In dismissive attachment, the self is viewed favourably while others are viewed in a negative fashion (Konrath et al., 2014). The increase in dismissive attachment therefore corresponds to a decrease in a positive view of others across time. These fi ndings by Konrath et al. (2014) may have implications going forward as our society faces the possibility of increased detachment and a weakening of the social bonds that define humanity as a whole. May, A.L., Stone, C.A. (2010). Stereotypes of individuals with learningShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Cell Phone Use on Social Networking and Development Among College Students5103 Words   |  21 PagesThe American Association of Behavioral and Social Sciences Journal (The AABSS Journal, 2011, Volume 15) THE IMPACT OF CELL PHONE USE ON SOCIAL NETWORKING AND DEVELOPMENT AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS ~ Mikiyasu Hakoama Shotaro Hakoyama Central Michigan University 989-774-3743 Abstract Cell phones have become increasingly popular in recent years. While people of various ages find cell phones convenient and useful, younger generations tend to appreciate them more and be more dependent on them. BasedRead MorePsychology14463 Words   |  58 PagesHuman Needs 1 Running head: BASIC HUMAN NEEDS Basic Human Needs Thane S. Pittman and Kate R. Zeigler Colby College DRAFT Chapter to appear in Kruglanski, A., Higgins, E. (2006), Social Psychology: A handbook of basic principles, 2nd Edition. New York: Guilford Publications Thane S. Pittman and Kate R. Zeigler Department of Psychology 5550 Mayflower Hill Colby College Waterville, ME 04901 207-859-5557 tpittman@colby.edu Basic Human Needs Basic Human Needs It is vain to do withRead MoreCulturally Adapted Acceptance And Commitment Therapy For Treating Depression Among Latino Adults9015 Words   |  37 PagesCULTURALLY ADAPTED ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT THERAPY FOR TREATING DEPRESSION AMONG LATINO ADULTS by Lucerito E. Ruiz Ramirez, M.S. A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Psychology UNIVERSITY OF LA VERNE College of Arts and Sciences Psychology Department Month and year dissertation is completed Copyright  © (year submitted) Lucerito E. Ruiz Ramirez All Rights Reserved CULTURALLYRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 CommunicationRead MoreControl Theory15246 Words   |  61 Pages6 The Complexity of Control Travis Hirschi 1935– University of Arizona Author of Social Bond Theory Hirschi’s Two Theories and Beyond T ravis Hirschi has dominated control theory for four decades. His influence today is undiminished and likely will continue for years, if not decades, to come (see, e.g., Britt Gottfredson, 2003; Gottfredson, 2006; Kempf, 1993; Pratt Cullen, 2000). Beyond the sheer scholarly talent manifested in his writings, what accounts for Hirschi’s enduring influence onRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesv Cognitive Style Indicator 52 Locus of Control Scale 52 Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale 54 Core Self-Evaluation Scale (CSES) 56 SKILL LEARNING 57 Key Dimensions of Self-Awareness 57 The Enigma of Self-Awareness 58 The Sensitive Line 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases InvolvingRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 PagesObsessive–compulsive disorder. I. Title. RC489.C63C57 2004 616.85†²2270651—dc22 2003020283 To my parents, Albert and Ardith, for their support and encouragement About the Author About the Author David A. Clark, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, Canada. He received his PhD from the Institute of Psychiatry, University of London, England. Dr. Clark has published numerous articles on cognitive theory and therapy of depression and obsessive–compulsive disordersRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagessterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster UniversityRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 P agesSection One A focus solely on investment in physical resources, as opposed to human resources, is short-sighted. Strategists have found that having superior production facilities or a superior product are usually not enough to sustain an advantage over competitors. Physical facilities can be duplicated, cloned, or reverse-engineered and no longer provide a sustainable advantage.2 Strategists James Quinn, Thomas Doorley, and Penny Paquette have argued that â€Å"maintainable advantage usually derives from

WHap essay Free Essays

First Civilizations began to dissolve, the Second-Wave Empires began to rise and take their place. While the similarities and continuities between the First Civilizations and the Second-Wave Empires are evident, the differences are also very clear. With the fall of the First Civilizations came a second wave of strikingly similar societies when viewed from afar. We will write a custom essay sample on WHap essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now They were still ruled by monarchs and continued to include classes, caste, and discrimination; Elites were still on top with everyone else far below. The Elites continued to sit back and bathe In the riches while exploiting the peasant farmers and slaves. This made for no Innovation or effort due to lack of motivation. During the time of the Second-Wave Empires there were no technological or Industrial advancements from the first collocations. They were still based on agricultural societies with little to no other areas of Income. With Just a glance the similarities are noticeable, however when you take a closer look the differences are striking. Hen you start to really dig deep you discover several differences. In the Second-Wave population grew at a much more rapid pace due to the age of agrarian civilizations. The empires also were much larger. These empires and states included the Roman, Persian, Indian, and the Chinese empires. With the larger empires came more diversity however, with more diversity came more tension; resulting in the rising and falling of many of these great empires. With the Second-Wave also came more relig ion and culture. Confucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Greek rationalism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all examples of the rising religions; they all have provided the structure for the way people live today. Although first civilizations had classes, caste, and slaves, the Second wave amplified the use of classes and slaves. But the largest change between he First-Civilizations and The Second-Wave Empires was rising of a far more intricate communication network allowing for communication between states and empires. Through these two eras there were many changes, fluctuations, and lots of repeating cycles, although they did not hold any fundamental or revolutionary transformations. The major turning points had already occurred at the beginning of the first era with the agricultural revolution. Overall, through all the similarities and differences between the First-Civilization and the Second-Wave the world changed in drastic ways. The only question is was it for the better or worse? WHap essay By matched with everyone else far below. The Elites continued to sit back and bathe in the riches while exploiting the peasant farmers and slaves. This made for no innovation or were no technological or industrial advancements from the first civilizations. They were still based on agricultural societies with little to no other areas of income. With just a glance the similarities are noticeable, however when you take a closer look the When you start to really dig deep you the First-civilizations. How to cite WHap essay, Essays

Outback Inc. Company Analysis

Introduction Outback Inc was established with the sole aim of reaping from the booming tourism sector in Australia. Noting that tourism has a lot of contribution to the economy of Australia, a strategic company would make use of the status quo to reap from the benefits of tourism. Basically, the population growth in the country has risen in the past to unprecedented level, and the tourism sector employs more than 500,000 people.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Outback Inc. Company Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, the sector spends over $85 billion annually. This sector is thriving very well in the country because of the beautiful sceneries such as beautiful landscape, unique and variety of cultures, aboriginal art, outback, and coastal lifestyles, which serve as the major attraction for a number of visitors from within and out of the country. Therefore, the research is about the study o f Outback Inc in terms of its organisational structure and design, Team working and teams, management and leadership approaches, and organisational culture. It then gives a summary of the findings and recommendations. Organisational Structure and Design Structurally, the organisation is designed to respond to the needs of consumers demands. Tasks are divided to make sure that the organisation runs efficiently. Therefore, the divisions make up the organisation structure and have been applied in the company as a way of increasing the workers’ morale during their work so that the company could realise high output in terms of quantity and quality. Notably, task division is a structural method to motivate the worker, who then would feel encouraged to put more effort in the particular line of duty he/she is performing. As a result, the company would improve the quality of the product and increase the number of unit productions. Different companies have various ways of designing the organisation tasks and making sure that the workers are motivated. In this regard, some of the ways in which the companies carry out restructuring include division of labour and coordinating them. Here, division of labour is a way of respecting diversity and opinions, ensuring that the workers are assigned duties in departments, where they qualify. This structuring should be done without any form of prejudice so that it could promote the workers based on their qualification and experience. This enhances specialisation and development of expertise in the workers’ area of interest and profession.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, the worker’s activities have to be coordinated so that efficiency could be achieved. In addition, the efficiency helps in goal accomplishment. For this situation, the company used the three work coordination, inclu ding informal communication, standardisation and formal hierarchy. When these forms of coordination are applied effectively at work, the company might minimise cases of workers unruliness. Under informal communication, Outback Inc has applied a number of means, in making sure that the workers are informed appropriately. For instance, sharing information, encouraging teamwork and media-richness enhance information sharing among the workers. Under standardisation, the company has used a number of ways in coordinating the workforce. For example, the use of formal instructions, training and outline clear goals, which would help in achieving uniformity. Moreover, standardisation also leads to the manufacturing of quality goods acceptable globally. The company also uses formal hierarchy as a form of work coordination. In this case, it applies direct supervision where the where the workers’ performance is closely monitored by the supervisor who is his/her immediate boss. Notably, th e hierarchy ensures that the leader is directly responsible for the activities to the people below him/her, but answerable to the immediate boss. This practice is commonly used in formal organisations. However, the formal hierarchical system of work coordination is slow, costly and generally not acceptable to the young people. Therefore, the organisational structure and design that Outback Inc applies intend to improve its efficiency and effectiveness. Often, the company uses comparative e approach in picking the best alternative. Besides, the comparison is also through analysis of data from other regions. In this approach that the company used, it has managed to create workable structures and proper employee coordination efforts in the management of the company affairs.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Outback Inc. Company Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Team Working and Teams Outback Inc encourag es the application of teamwork in most of its department on matters of technicality. The input of different people is very important if meaningful success has to be achieved by the company. For technical cases affecting the industry, teams and team working forms the best strategy for making conclusive and reliable decisions on the best course of action the company might take to avert a looming problem. As the organisation grows larger in size, it increasingly needs decentralisation of labour force. This necessitates the use of teams as a way of achieving accountability of the workers. When different duties are assigned to various groups of people, each team would be accountable to the output. This creates competition among the teams in order to achieve quality. In addition, teamwork improves efficiency at work. This is because, once the team has been assigned a specific duty, it would be upon each and all member(s) to make sure that every person does the required work with minimal s upervision. Sometimes, complex duties necessitate the use of professionals who can also organise as a team and carry out the specific and technical activities. Teamwork in the company is very essential because sometimes, majority of the people in the team might be motivated by generation factors, such as the self-fulfillments of the duties. Such people should be allowed to fulfill their dreams and inculcate such skills in running their affairs. In the company, the technology related duties that some of the employees do, such as maintaining the company website are conducted in close consideration with other teams. Notably, the work characterizes the modern generation and it is a full-filling to the team of general workforce mandated to perform such task. In fact, they are proud of the duties they perform and able to innovate. From this information, not only had the aged workers pronounced such team spirits, but also a younger generation who are flexible to, and identify with the use of technology to promote tour facilities. Despite the generation’s arguments, financial incentives are still justified for its short-term and immediate impact of teamwork actions. Therefore, teamwork is more effective than the other ways of individual motivation, which are intended to achieve a long-term impact on the organization.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Here, the uniformity of motivating the workers does not apply, because they are motivated differently depending on age and the personal preferences. For example, scholars asserted that the older workers are motivated by the comfort of their duties, which they would like to keep other than operating as a team. On the contrary, the younger workforce is mostly interested in learning and growing their skills on the duties, which they perform, thus finds it easier to work as a team than, as individuals. Therefore, they much flexible to the organizational and team changes, and they are agents of management changes. Such changes aimed at increasing the management’s responsiveness to the workers’ development and creativity actually motivates the young workers. As a result, it is most important for the company to create an enabling environment that would motivate each team, to increase the production both quantitatively and qualitatively. In exploring the determinants of reward impacts on the various teams, the management realized that there were considerable increments in the performance culture of the company as opposed to situations where the workers performed their duties individually. This is a proof that teamwork has significant impacts on the employees’ output both in the unit production and the quality. In studying the descriptive statistics of the company, the research noted that there was a systematic trend considering the team operations in the company. The other significant inference about teamwork was that there are various factors explaining the employees’ preference for operating as a team or single entities and subsequent impacts on their performance. This consideration does not forget the distinctive approaches, their significance, and the particular roles they play in increasing the workers morale, either as a team or as individuals. Management and Leadership Approach As a company operating in the hospitality industry, the company majorly used the traditional leadership style, the so called hierarchical type of leadership. Here, the decisions are made at the top then trickled down to the management and finally to the workers. Since most of the workers in the company are young, they are highly enthusiastic to learn from the available opportunities, but always struggle with the leadership because they do not want unnecessary control over their scope of duties. Therefore, the company leadership struggles to retain them as they always look for alternative employment opportunities. A critical review of the management and leadership style adopted in the company outlines the fundamental principles, which defines the company objectives. The research findings indicated that the leadership methodology in the company was more of pragmatic than theoretical approaches. Under the company management approach, the research outlined in an explicit way, that the management had adopted the latest and more practical lead ership strategies. The Leadership approaches that the company used in organising its workers, aimed at achieving a given purpose and helped the organisation in making key decisions and recommendations about the improvements, which should be done to make advancement on the working condition. The main aim of issue based management strategies in the company was to discover the various methods of motivation that the company could use to promote quality production, and the affects that the guidelines have on the employees’ performance. The other objective of issue based management approach used in the company, is to determine the workability of various motivational approaches and structural differentiation in achieving the organizational goals. According to the research, it established that the objective leadership contributed to its successful operations. Here, it could be deduced that the leadership style enhanced interpersonal relationships among the employees, and acted as a m otivation factor in the company operations. The leadership style also improved the workplace environment that was perceived as conducive and favoring the company employees. Indeed, this was a result of the coordinated effort and ensuring that the workers optimized their skills in building this relationship since it is an essential part the tourism industry. The tour operation works was also perceived by many as interesting, thus increasing the workers’ motivation and the extent they cooperated with the management, in making the leadership approaches successful. Noting that education was core in boosting the workers skills, the management used an approach that prioritized further training as a requisite for all employees. In this sense, the company also offered career advancement and recognized the workers. One could also deduce that the leaders also practiced equality in treating the workers, thus the company employees were respected and given equal treatment and development, in terms of career personal skills. The other management skill that the company used was the enhancement internal communication. In this regard, internal communication was seen as effective and a better management approach in making the information available to all the concerned parties; leave alone the benefits and the monetary rewards, which the company offered to their employees. In addition, the leaders also encouraged autonomy of work and the employees were given appraisal. In this case, the company made it an obligation that each worker was given enough responsibility to keep them busy and accountable throughout their duties. Other than only enhancing autonomy, the company formulated policies, which guaranteed the employees job security, thus making them become interested in working more for the organisation. Organisational Culture Outback Inc developed a very unique culture that rested on its objectives and goals. Indeed, the organisation culture is the entire attributes, wh ich assist in developing the organisations’s culture. This research indicated that the company culture resulted from the efforts, which the people had in their duties, while aiming at the organisational goals and objectives. In essence, the determination with which the staff exhibited for many years during their work in the company resulted to a culture of success. Nevertheless, some cultural influences originated outside the company. The organisational culture embraced principles such as span of control, formalisation, centralisation, departmentalisation, innovation, creativity and open-mindedness, in order to pursue the company goals, growth and knowledge. Apparently, the company developed passion and hard work, encouraging straightforward coordination, and specialisation are part of the company culture. The workers and other stakeholders in the organisation should contribute to the improvement of the culture that the company practices. For example, the company culture over emphasises on specialisation and the desire to succeed in advancing the quality of service offered in the company. In addition, the company used its culture as an identity that and work performance that has driven to an advanced level. The culture of specialisation encouraged the workforce to enhance their performance at work to increase the amount of production and quality. In encouraging specialisation, the company effectively used the human resources and enhanced professionalism. As a result, the company made sure that the employees are qualified and recruited in the appropriate department. Besides, each department had its members distinctively placed in various teams with people of similar qualification and interest. In this regard, the employee would carry out the duties with due diligence so that they would enhance quality individually and as a team. This measure aims at reducing the probable low performance among the workers. Furthermore, the company culture was developed as a result of decentralizing its operation and encouraging the formation of teams and teamwork. Under this practice, the company was able to meet the clients’ desire about the quality and efficiency of the services. For instance, the customers in the tour and travel sector demanded services, which fulfill their desires. The workers from each team were expected to uphold the organisational culture and act responsibly to improve the organisation image so that it may have an influx of foreigners and locals to enjoy the services. However, a number of workers in the company became more anxious about the job security, thus increased their efforts in performing the duties. This enhanced the workers performance and developed of the overall company culture. Similarities between Outback Inc and OUTBACK INC The two companies had a lot of things in common. First, they were tour-based companies in Australia. Realising that the country had great tour potential for local and international vi sitors, the companies used the infrastructure such as beautiful environment, luxurious coastal lifestyle, aboriginal arts, outback, and other cultures. The two countries depended on New Zealand, Japan, UK, China, and the USA. The countries are the niche market for foreign visitors despite the rise and fall of tour preferences. Therefore, the situation demanded increased caution when marketing the country tour destination and profiles. The two companies restructured their operations and encouraged teamwork in executing the duties. During decline in the number of visitors, the responsible teams were to take the initiative to market the company’s services and potential tour destinations so that it could see improvement in the demands of such services. Differences between Outback Inc and OUTBACK INC Some of the major differences include the following. OUTBACK INC was affected by the Iraq War that led to economic outfalls, the 1989 pilots’ strike, SARS outbreak among other disputes common to the tour sector. This interfered with the company operations during that period. Second, the company experience staff shortage that has affected the operations in the tour industry, in the country. As the industry got troubled, so did the company faced increasing challenges in promoting the operations and satisfying the needs of the visitors who defied the odds to have sometimes in the luxurious environment. Implications Some of the implications include finding amicable solution to the disputes, which rocked the tour industry in the country. This would serve as an incentive to the players in the industry. It would also increase the number of visitors because non-disputable environment is attractive to foreigners and the local tourists. Through this practice, the company would see increased number of tourists booking accommodation and the ones seeking tour assistance. The other implication is the need to enhance marketing. Here, the company should make sure that it does adequate promotion of the available and conspicuous tour destinations so as to stands of benefiting from tourism. Through proper targeted promotion, the company is capable of being successful in the industry. The company also needs to improve the accommodation facilities to realise the full potential of he industry during the peak periods. Besides, the accommodation should target a particular class to prevent the company from being irrelevant for the high class guests. Conclusion In summary, the company has made a lot of changes in terms of its organisational structure and design. Here, the organisation structures respond to the needs of consumers’ demands. Besides, the tasks are divided to make sure that the organisation runs efficiently. Team working has also been used in the company to nature expertise in various departments of the company. Notably, the input of different people is very important if meaningful success has to be achieved by the company. On matters rel ating to management and leadership approaches, the decisions are made at the top then trickled down to the management and finally to the workers. Literally, the aim of issue based management strategy that the company used was to discover the various methods of motivation that the company could use to promote quality production, and the affects that the guidelines have on the employees’ performance. Finally, the organisational culture of Outback Inc include the principles such as span of control, formalisation, centralisation, departmentalisation, innovation, creativity and open-mindedness Recommendations For success of the organisation, it is recommended that the organisation should consider creating management structures, which are viable for its operations. Secondly, the company should encourage the formation of teams and team working so that people with specific talents are allowed to share and innovate useful ways of running the affairs of various departments. Third, the company needs to adopt pragmatic, conventional and result-oriented leadership approaches so that they could succeed in managing diversity in the organisation. Finally, the organisation should promote its culture so that it could stand out during competition. This case study on Outback Inc. Company Analysis was written and submitted by user Violet D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Video and Activity Domestic Workers Essays

Video and Activity Domestic Workers Essays Video and Activity Domestic Workers Essay Video and Activity Domestic Workers Essay Video and Activity Domestic Workers It is through work that we find to fulfill our purpose here on earth. According to John Paul II, work is a fundamental aspect of the existence of humankind. Work is indeed an important element of transforming the earth as well as adapting the earth to suit the needs. There are many forms and nature of work, in all these forms work should be dignified, and in this way, all workers should enjoy their full rights. The role of women in domestic work should be viewed more closely with dignity as many of them have faced a lot of injustices in the past, present and could still perpetuate. The rights of workers are very imperative and must be observed at all costs. Many governments do not consider domestic workers as relevant employees, and this should not be the case. The entire labor process has to be organized to meet the needs of women and men at work. The rights of all workers should be safeguarded by their direct employers as well as indirect employers. Domestic workers in many countries face torture, oppression, sexual harassment and other forms of abuse with poor working conditions. John Paul II view work in a spiritual manner. He believes that by sharing in work human being contributes to the creation process since Jesus is happy with those who work as he was also a laborer. In conclusion, dignity is an important aspect of domestic labor and employers should work towards ensuring all their workers are treated with respect. Domestic work is not an easy task and should also be considered a form of labor that should be remunerated well with good working condition s.

Affect vs. Effect

Affect vs. Effect Affect vs. Effect Affect vs. Effect By Mark Nichol Among the pairs of words writers often confuse, affect and effect might be the most perplexing, perhaps because their meanings are so similar. Affect, derived from affectus, from the Latin word afficere, â€Å"to do something to, act on,† is easily conflated with effect, borrowed from Anglo-French, ultimately stemming from the Latin word effectus, from efficere, â€Å"to bring about.† Whats the difference between affect and effect? Affect is usually a verb, meaning to influence or act upon. Example: The loss of his father affected him profoundly. Effect is usually a noun, meaning the result of an action. Example: What will be the effect of closing Main Street? Below you will find less common meanings and related or derivative words. Affect The various senses of affect, each followed by a sentence demonstrating them, follow: A noun meaning â€Å"mental state†: â€Å"In his report, the psychiatrist, noting his lack of expression or other signs of emotion, described his affect as flat.† A verb meaning â€Å"to produce an effect, to influence†: â€Å"I knew that my opinion would affect her choice, so I deliberately withheld it.† A verb meaning â€Å"to pretend† or â€Å"to put on†: â€Å"She tried to affect an air of nonchalance, though she was visibly agitated.† Words with affect as the root, followed by their use in a sentence, include the following: Affectation: A noun meaning â€Å"self-conscious behavior†: â€Å"The girl’s affectation of sophisticated maturity was undercut by the relentless snapping of her chewing gum.† Affection: A noun meaning â€Å"kind or loving emotion†: â€Å"Her grandfather’s deep affection for her was obvious in his heartwarming smile.† Disaffected: An adjective meaning â€Å"discontented, rebellious†: â€Å"Disaffected youth dismayed by the poor job market and the larger issue of a society that does not seem to value them have been joining the protest movement in ever greater numbers.† (This word is a case of an antonym that has outlived the original term from which it was derived in counterpoint; writers and speakers no longer express, in the sense of â€Å"favorably disposed,† that a person is affected.) Unaffected: An adjective with two distinct senses: the literal meaning of â€Å"not influenced or altered† (â€Å"They seemed disturbingly unaffected by the tragic news†) and the surprisingly older, figurative meaning â€Å"genuine† (â€Å"The youth’s candid, unaffected demeanor appealed to her after the stilted arrogance of her many suitors†). Effect The various senses of effect, each followed by a sentence demonstrating them, follow: A noun meaning â€Å"the result of a cause†: â€Å"The effect of the lopsided vote was a loss of confidence in the chairman.† A noun meaning â€Å"an impression†: â€Å"The soft, gentle tone has a calming effect.† A noun, usually in plural form, meaning â€Å"personal property, possession†: â€Å"Among the effects found in the deceased man’s pockets was a small book with his name self-inscribed.† A verb meaning â€Å"to accomplish†: â€Å"His newfound sense of responsibility effected a positive change in her attitude toward him.† Words with effect as the root, followed by their use in a sentence, include the following: Aftereffect: A noun, usually in plural form, meaning â€Å"something that follows a cause†: â€Å"The aftereffects of the decision are still being felt years later.† Effective: An adjective meaning â€Å"successful†: â€Å"The insect repellent was effective at keeping the mosquitoes at bay, which made for a pleasant outing.† Effectual: An adjective meaning â€Å"able to produce a desired effect†: â€Å"Our conclusion is that mediation is an effectual strategy for obtaining a mutually satisfying outcome.† The noun efficiency and the adjective efficient, though not based on the root effect, share its etymological origin and mean, respectively, â€Å"productivity† and â€Å"productive† in the sense of accomplishing something with a minimum of effort in relation to outcome. Efficacy (â€Å"the power to produce a desired effect†) and efficacious (â€Å"able to produce a desired effect†) are also related. Another, unexpected word of related origin is feckless (â€Å"weak, worthless†), which is rare and has lost its antonym, feckful, through long disuse. Feck is a shortened form of effect developed in Scottish English. Quotations from newspapers Tariff winners and losers: How Trumps trade spat could affect shoppers. President Trumps imposition of tariffs on imported (www.usatoday.com) 405,000 years, gravitational tugs from the planets Jupiter and Venus gradually affect Earths climate and life forms, according to a new study. (www.usatoday.com) he says. â€Å"You can eat as much as you like, you can slob about, you can drink as much alcohol as you like – the effect is very modest compared with these other two factors.† Human beings are biologically engineered for (www.theguardian.com) European Union tariffs take effect in Trump fight: How they will hit American productsThe Europe (www.usatoday.com) Video Recap A Quick and Easy Way to Know Whether to Use Affect or Effect Remember, a general rule of thumb is that â€Å"affect† is usually a verb (a â€Å"doing word†) and â€Å"effect† is usually a noun (something you can put â€Å"the† in front of). This doesn’t apply all the time, of course – as we’ve seen above, there are lots of ways in which the words â€Å"effect† and â€Å"affect† can be used. It’s a good place to begin, though, if you’re unsure which you want. Here’s a sample sentence: I don’t think this will [affect/effect] the budget. Which word, affect or effect, is correct? An easy way to figure this out is to replace â€Å"affect† with the verb â€Å"alter† and see if the sentence works: I don’t think this will alter the budget. Yes – it still makes sense, so â€Å"affect† is the word you want. Here’s another sentence: We haven’t yet experienced the full [affect/effect] of climate change. Can we use â€Å"affect† here? Try replacing it with â€Å"alter†: We haven’t yet experienced the full alter of climate change. No, that doesn’t make sense at all. How about â€Å"effect†? Try replacing that with the noun â€Å"end result†: We haven’t yet experienced the full end result of climate changes. It’s a slightly inelegant sentence – but it does work grammatically. So â€Å"effect† is the word you want here. This rule won’t work for every single situation, but in most cases, it’ll help you quickly select the word that you want. What About Affect as a Noun and Effect as a Verb? It’s fairly rare to come across â€Å"affect† used as a noun: as we saw above, when it is used in this way, it means â€Å"mental state†. You might encounter it in some older works or fairly scientific ones about psychiatry. It’s a little more common to come across â€Å"effect† used as a verb, though this is still fairly rare and it can seem a little old-fashioned in this context. It’s used to mean â€Å"brought about† or â€Å"accomplished† – e.g. â€Å"The rapid changes she made after she got the job effected a complete turnaround in the company’s financial position.† In any case where you’re uncertain, though, it’s likely that affect is a verb (replace it with â€Å"alter† to check) and effect is a noun (replace it with â€Å"end result† to check). Affect vs Effect Quiz For each sentence, select which word should be used: 1. The budget cuts will inevitably [affect/effect] our department. affect effect 2. The [affect/effect] of getting up early is that you can make a great start on the day before most people are out of bed. effect affect 3. Smoking will seriously [affect/effect] your health. affect effect 4. Many people find that regular exercise has a positive [affect/effect] on their mental health. effect affect Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Handy Expressions About Hands"Owing to" vs "Due to"50 Tips on How to Write Good

Social Media Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Social Media Marketing - Assignment Example The major advantage associated with Social media marketing is that it presents the potential for reaching the customers that other traditional methods of advertising cannot be able to reach. Social media marketing applies technological tools such as the internet, social media platforms and mobile phones to pass and circulate messages regarding a company, brands or products. In this respect, there is no limitation as to the number of people who can be reached by the message, as opposed to the traditional advertisement, where the print or mass media may be limited in accessibility to a certain category of the audience. The other advantage of Social media marketing is that it offers a far easier strategy of building brand loyalty, through allowing the engagement of the customers through every stage of the brand products, such that the final product is tailor-made for customer satisfaction, thus making the customer loyal to the brand. Social media marketing is also advantageous in that i t offers the brand owners and company’s opportunities to improve their products, by learning the customer needs from the feedbacks generated through social media. Nevertheless, the disadvantage associated with Social media marketing is that the effectiveness of social media marketing highly depends on the marketer’s talent and time commitment to developing the advertisement message, as opposed to traditional media which can reach the target audience even without overburdening the marketer with time and talent commitments.

Research report on the casual dining Sector in KSA ( Saudi Arabia) Paper

Report on the casual dining Sector in KSA ( Saudi Arabia) - Research Paper Example The considerable market size as per the targeted population includes Riyadh and Jeddah as the main hub of the business. Other locations contributing in the overall market size of casual dining of KSA takes toll of Eastern province (Oxford Business Group, 2010). Other cities have also attracted the investors as the culture of dining out at causal stores has become a speculated fact. The number of franchise of one chain has about 50 stores currently as an average. The total of brand franchises has marked the rate of about more than 15000 stores. This will is expected to increase by 6% in the coming year (Soufi, 2012). Exposure to international way of living and increasing number of shopping malls based upon western standards. It should be noted that western civilization is considered to be involved in making use of their income for disposable purpose i.e. dining out as a form entertainment (Soufi, 2012). Dining out has become a trend of getting together with social groups. This has allowed people to come closer and becoming socially active as dining allow them to take time out of their routine and get engaged (Zawya.com, 2012). The market competition has relatively become zealous because the international chains have marked a strong grip of the market. The fact remains that the international chains are expected to get slowed in the competition because of the similarity in taste and store outlook. However, it has been noted that the Saudi chains have applied for license of their business in the sector. The planning of these stores is underway making it competitive for the international chains (Soufi, 2012). The threat that the present chains might have with the Saudi chain is the tradition and the typical predictable taste that the targeted market demand. Most of the chains have changed their menus and appointed ingredients in the meals which give it a Middle Eastern food touch. The